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Red Blood Cell Aggregation

Red Blood Cell Aggregation

Red blood cells in humans—and most other mammals—have a tendency to form aggregates with a characteristic face-to-face morphology similar to a stack of coins. Known as rouleaux these aggregates are a normally occurring phenomenon and have a major impact on blood rheology. What is the underlying mechanism that produces this pattern? Does this really happen in blood circulation? And do these rouleaux formations have a useful function? The first book to offer a comprehensive review of the subject Red Blood Cell Aggregation tackles these and other questions related to red blood cell (RBC) aggregates. The book covers basic clinical and physiological aspects of this important biophysical phenomenon and integrates these areas with concepts in bioengineering. It brings together state-of-the-art research on the determinants mechanisms and measurement and effects of RBC aggregation as well as on variations and comparative aspects. After an introductory overview the book outlines factors and conditions that affect RBC aggregation. It presents the two hypotheses—the bridging model and the depletion model—that provide potential mechanisms for the adhesive forces that lead to the regular packing of the cells in rouleaux formations. The book also reviews the methods used to quantify RBC aggregation in vitro focusing on their importance in clinical practice. Chapters discuss the effect of RBC aggregation on the in vitro rheology of blood as well as on tube flow. The book also looks at what happens in the circulation when red blood cells aggregate and examines variations due to physiological and pathophysiological challenges. The concluding chapter explores the formation of red blood cell aggregates in other mammals. Written by leading researchers in the field this is an invaluable resource for basic science medical and clinical researchers; graduate stu

GBP 59.99
1

Reinsurance and the Law of Aggregation Event Occurrence Cause

Reinsurance and the Law of Aggregation Event Occurrence Cause

In excess of loss reinsurance the reinsurer covers the amount of a loss exceeding the policy’s deductible but not piercing its cover limit. Accordingly a policy’s quantitative scope of cover is significantly affected by the parties’ agreement of a deductible and a cover limit. Yet the examination of whether a loss has exceeded deductible or cover limit necessitates an educated understanding of what constitutes one loss. In so-called aggregation clauses the parties to (re-)insurance contracts regularly provide that multiple individual losses are to be added together for presenting one loss to the reinsurer when they arise from the same event occurrence catastrophe cause or accident. Aggregation mechanisms are one of the core instruments for structuring reinsurance contracts. This book systematically examines each element of an aggregation mechanism tracing the inconsistent usage of aggregation language in the markets and scrutinizing the tests developed by courts and arbitral tribunals. In doing so it seeks to support insurers reinsurers brokers and lawyers in drafting aggregation clauses and in settling claims. Focusing on an analysis of primary sources particularly judicial decisions the book interprets each judicial decision to describe a system of inter-related rules collating organising and describing the English law of aggregation as applied by the courts and arbitral tribunals. It further draws a comparison between the English position and the corresponding rules in the Principles of Reinsurance Contract Law (PRICL). | Reinsurance and the Law of Aggregation Event Occurrence Cause

GBP 36.99
1

Belden 4 Core Screened Industrial Cable, (EU CE Mark, EU Directive 2000/53/EC, EU Directive 2003/96/EC (BFR), EU

Belden 4 Core Screened Industrial Cable, (EU CE Mark, EU Directive 2000/53/EC, EU Directive 2003/96/EC (BFR), EU

Belden 4 Core Screened Industrial Cable, (EU CE Mark, EU Directive 2000/53/EC, EU Directive 2003/96/EC (BFR), EU, Length: 305m, Sheath Colour: Chrome, American Wire Gauge: 24 AWG, Outer Diameter: 5.5mm, Current Rating: 1.8 A, Screen Type: Foil, Tinned Copper Braid, Maximum Operating Temperature: +80°C, Core Strands: 7/32 AWG, Sheath Material: PVC, Voltage Rating: 300 V, Conductor Resistance: 5.31 Ω/1000ft, 24 Ω/1000ft, Drain Wire: Yes, MPN: 9927 0601000

GBP 666.90
1

Belden 2 Core Unscreened Industrial Cable, (EU CE Mark, EU Directive 2000/53/EC, EU Directive 2003/96/EC (BFR), EU

Belden 2 Core Unscreened Industrial Cable, (EU CE Mark, EU Directive 2000/53/EC, EU Directive 2003/96/EC (BFR), EU

Belden 2 Core Unscreened Industrial Cable, (EU CE Mark, EU Directive 2000/53/EC, EU Directive 2003/96/EC (BFR), EU, Length: 152m, Sheath Colour: Blue, American Wire Gauge: 18 AWG, 22 AWG, Outer Diameter: 6.35mm, Current Rating: 3.8 A, 7.2 A, Maximum Operating Temperature: +75°C, Core Strands: 16/30 AWG, 7/30 AWG, Sheath Material: PVC, Voltage Rating: 300 V, Fire Behaviour: Flame Retardant, Conductor Material: Copper, Conductor Resistance: 6.9 Ω/1000 ft, 16.3 Ω/1000 ft, Drain Wire: Yes, MPN: 1502R G75500

GBP 595.57
1

National Interest Organizations in the EU Multilevel System

National Interest Organizations in the EU Multilevel System

Political scientists have always accorded interest organizations a prominent place in European Union (EU) policy-making because they connect the EU institutions to citizens provide important information to EU policy-makers and control resources that impact on the problem-solving capacity of EU policies. In other words they are vital to both the input legitimacy and the output legitimacy of the EU. So far research on interest organizations in EU policy-making has concentrated on EU-level interest organizations and EU-level politics. This edited book draws attention to the role national interest organizations play in the EU multilevel system. All contributions present state-of-the-art research on that subject in the form of theory-driven empirical analyses. Chapter 8 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3. 0 license. https://s3-us-west-2. amazonaws. com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138614741_oachapter8. pdf | National Interest Organizations in the EU Multilevel System

GBP 38.99
1